JOHANNESBURG (AP) - Global health experts are urging the Trump administration to allow U.S. government disease specialists - “some of the world’s most experienced” - to return to northeastern Congo to help fight the second-largest Ebola outbreak in history.
The U.S. experts have been sidelined for weeks, ordered away from the region because of State Department security concerns. Two top medical journals this week have published commentaries calling on the U.S. to change its mind and send them back where they are sorely needed.
This Ebola outbreak is like no other, with some health workers comparing the region to a war zone. Dozens of armed rebel groups are active, and their deadly attacks have forced responders to pause crucial Ebola containment work for days. Many new cases have been unrelated to known infections, alarming evidence that gaps in tracking the disease remain.
Late Thursday, the World Health Organization declared this outbreak second only to the devastating West Africa one that killed more than 11,000 people from 2014 to 2016. Congo’s health ministry said the number of confirmed and probable Ebola cases has reached 426, edging past the Uganda outbreak in 2000. So far this outbreak has 198 confirmed deaths and 47 probable ones.
“It is in U.S. national interests to control outbreaks before they escalate into a crisis,” one group of global health experts wrote in a commentary in the Journal of the American Medical Association. A separate one in the New England Journal of Medicine said : “Given the worsening of the outbreak, we believe it’s essential that these security concerns be addressed and that CDC staff return to the field.”
It is not clear how many Centers for Disease Control and Prevention workers are now trying to tackle the outbreak from Congo’s capital, Kinshasa, which is nearly 1,000 miles (1,600 kilometers) away.
A State Department official said that CDC experts - and those with the U.S. Agency for International Development, who are also affected by the order - are still working closely with international partners to stop the outbreak.
“We remain hopeful that the security situation improves so we can return to the affected communities,” Kathy Harben, a CDC spokeswoman, said in a statement. The CDC supports the expertise of the State Department and Department of Defense “in determining locations where it is safe to position our staff.”
Security concerns are real, Ebola responders say. Teams with the WHO and Congo’s health ministry venture out on virus containment missions accompanied by U.N. peacekeepers or other armed security in areas where gunfire echoes daily.
Given the complications, this Ebola outbreak will last at least another six months before it can be contained, WHO emergencies chief Dr. Peter Salama has predicted.
Earlier this month, CDC director Dr. Robert Redfield suggested that one option is to “move into the idea that this becomes more of an endemic Ebola outbreak in this region.” That’s not a welcome thought to neighboring Uganda and Rwanda.
Despite the challenges, Ebola health workers have made breakthroughs that have given new hope in the fight against one of the world’s most notorious diseases. More than 37,000 people have received Ebola vaccinations and Congo has begun the first-ever trial to test the effectiveness and safety of four experimental Ebola drugs.
Speaking to The Associated Press on Friday from the outbreak zone, the Ebola response program director for the International Rescue Committee, Dr. Stacey Mearns, said the absence of the CDC’s experts can be felt acutely. Her colleague, Dr. Mesfin Teklu Tessema, the IRC’s senior health director, was among the more than two dozen people who signed the statement published in JAMA on Thursday.
“If the (U.S.) ban were not in place, the CDC would have a big and growing presence here,” said Mearns, who worked closely with the CDC in West Africa’s Ebola outbreak. The U.S. sent thousands of responders to West Africa from the CDC and other government agencies, including the military.
The CDC’s experts have rich experience in surveillance, treatment and lab testing, Mearns said, adding that some of that work is now being done from afar.
“We haven’t seen the height of this outbreak,” she warned as Ebola moves into new areas in Congo that are worrying close to the heavily traveled border with Uganda. “If want to see the end of this, we do need all critical actors on the ground.”
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Associated Press writers Maria Cheng in London and Mike Stobbe in New York contributed to this report.
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