BRUSSELS — Right-wing and Euroskeptic parties made sweeping gains in European Parliament elections Sunday — triggering what one prime minister called a political “earthquake” by those who want to slash the powers of the European Union or abolish it altogether.
Voters in 21 of the EU’s 28 nations went to the polls Sunday, choosing lawmakers for the bloc’s 751-seat legislature. The other seven countries in the bloc voted in a sprawling exercise of democracy that began Thursday in Britain and the Netherlands.
One of the most significant winners was France’s National Front party, which was the outright winner in France with 26 percent support, or 4.1 million votes.
“The sovereign people have spoken acclaiming they want to take back the reins of their destiny,” party leader Marine Le Pen said in a statement. She called the results “the first step in a long march to liberty.”
French Prime Minister Manuel Valls, in an impassioned televised speech, called the National Front win “more than a news alert. It is a shock, an earthquake.”
President Francois Hollande’s office announced that he would hold urgent talks first thing Monday with top government ministers in what French media called a crisis meeting.
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All of Europe will have to deal with the fallout, analysts and politicians said. Pro-European parties “have to take very seriously what is behind the vote,” said Martin Schulz of the Socialist group in parliament.
Guy Verhofstadt, leader of the Liberal caucus in the European Parliament, conceded as much but said even after the vote, two-thirds of the European lawmakers would be “people who are in favor of the European Union.”
Despite the Euroskeptic gains, established pro-EU parties were forecast to remain the biggest groups in the parliament. The conservative caucus, known as EPP, was forecast to win 211 seats, down from 274, but enough to remain the parliament’s biggest group.
The National Front was not the only party benefiting from widespread disillusionment with the EU. Nigel Farage, leader of the fiercely Euroskeptical UKIP party, believed he was on track for a historic victory.
“It does look to me [like] UKIP is going to win this election and, yes, that will be an earthquake, because never before in the history of British politics has a party that is seen to be an insurgent party ever topped the polls in a national election,” he said.
“I don’t just want Britain to leave the European Union,” he said. “I want Europe to leave the European Union.”
The first official results announced late Sunday had UKIP at about 30 percent, some 12 percent higher than the last European elections in 2009.
In Denmark, with 95 percent of votes counted, the main government party, the Social Democrats, retained their five seats to remain the biggest party. But the big winner in the elections was the populist, opposition Danish People’s Party, which won three more seats for a total of four.
A year-old party in Germany that wants that country to stop using the euro single currency reportedly won 6.7 percent of the vote. In Greece, with a quarter of the votes counted, the extreme right Golden Dawn party was third with 9.33 percent, although the leftist Euroskeptical Syriza party led with 26.5 percent.
In the Netherlands, however, the right-wing Euroskeptic Party for Freedom surprisingly dropped a seat from five to four. In Italy, early projections indicated that the main government party, the Democrats led by Premier Matteo Renzi, had 40 percent of the vote, beating off a challenge by the anti-euro 5-Star Movement of comic Beppe Grillo with 22.5 percent.
Despite the gains, unity may be hard to find in the fractured Euroskeptic camp.
Ms. Le Pen has said she will work with the Dutch Party for Freedom but Britain’s Mr. Farage has ruled out cooperating with both those parties, which have stridently anti-immigrant platforms.
“We won’t work with right-wing populists,” Alternative for Germany’s leader Bernd Lucke also said after the vote, insisting his party was generally in favor of the EU despite its rejection of the common currency.
Mr. Grillo in the past has said his movement wouldn’t ally itself with Ms. Le Pen’s party, claiming the 5-Stars have a different ’’DNA.”
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