YANGON, Myanmar — Myanmar abolished direct censorship of the media Monday in the most dramatic move yet toward allowing freedom of expression in the long-repressed nation.
But related laws and practices that can lead to self-censorship raise doubt about how much will change.
Under the new rules, journalists no longer will have to submit their work to state censors before publication as they for almost half a century.
However, the same harsh laws that have allowed Myanmar’s rulers to jail, blacklist and control the media in the name of protecting national security remain unchanged.
For decades, the Southeast Asian nation’s reporters had been regarded as among the most restricted in the world, subjected to routine state surveillance, phone taps and censorship so intense that independent papers could not publish on a daily basis.
President Thein Sein’s reformist government has significantly relaxed media controls in the past year, allowing reporters to print material that would have been unthinkable during the era of absolute military rule — such as photographs of opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi.
The Information Ministry, which has long controlled what can be printed, made the announcement on its website Monday. The head of the ministry’s Press Scrutiny and Registration Department, Tint Swe, also conveyed the news to a group of editors in the country’s main city, Yangon.
The move had been expected for months but repeatedly was delayed as the government struggles to draft a new media law to overhaul the industry here.
Tint Swe previously said the censor board itself would be abolished when censorship ends. But Monday’s announcement indicated the board will stay and retain the powers it has always had to suspend publications or revoking publishing licenses if they deem publishing rules are violated.
Nyein Nyein Naing, an editor at the Seven Day News Journal who attended Monday’s meeting, said journalists still will have to submit their articles to the censor board.
But now, she said, they will be required to do so after publication, apparently to allow the government to determine whether any publishing laws are violated.
Those laws, in place since a military coup in 1962, include edicts prohibiting journalists from writing articles that could threaten peace and stability, oppose the constitution or insult ethnic groups.
Critics say some laws are open to interpretation and give the government enormous power to go after its critics. They have been used repeatedly in recent years to jail members of the press.
Nyein Nyein Naing welcomed the government announcement, as did other journalists in Myanmar. But, she added: “We have to be very cautious as [the state censor board] will keep monitoring us.”
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