BERLIN — German Nobel literature laureate Guenter Grass labeled Israel a threat to “already fragile world peace” in a poem published Wednesday that drew sharp rebukes at home and from Israel.
In the poem titled “What must be said,” published in the German daily Sueddeutsche Zeitung and Italy’s La Repubblica among others, Mr. Grass criticized what he described as Western hypocrisy over Israel’s own suspected nuclear program amid speculation that it might engage in military action against Iran to stop it from building its own atomic bomb.
The 84-year-old writer said he had been prompted to put pen to paper by Berlin’s recent decision to sell Israel a submarine able to “send all-destroying warheads where the existence of a single nuclear bomb is unproven.”
“The nuclear power Israel is endangering the already fragile world peace,” he wrote. His poem specifically criticized Israel’s “claim to the right of a first strike” against Iran.
Mr. Grass also called for “unhindered and permanent control of Israel’s nuclear capability and Iran’s atomic facilities through an international body.”
Israel views Iran as a threat to its existence, citing among other things some Iranian calls for its destruction and fears that Iran aims to produce nuclear weapons.
Mr. Grass didn’t mention those calls, which have been made by President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, but obliquely referred to the Iranian people being “subjugated by a loudmouth.”
Israel is widely believed to have an arsenal of nuclear weapons but has never admitted it, pursuing instead an official policy of “ambiguity” to deter potential attackers.
Israel currently has three Dolphin submarines from Germany — one half-funded and two entirely funded by Berlin — with two more under construction and the contract for a sixth submarine signed last month.
Dolphin-class submarines can carry nuclear-tipped missiles, but there’s no evidence Israel has armed them with such weapons.
The West sees Iran’s nuclear program as designed to develop an atomic bomb, but Tehran denies the charge, saying an expansion of its enrichment program is meant only to provide nuclear fuel.
Mr. Grass said he long kept silent on Israel’s nuclear program because his country committed “crimes that are without comparison,” but he has come to see that silence as a “burdensome lie and a coercion” whose disregard carries a punishment “the verdict ’anti-Semitism’ is commonly used.”
The left-leaning author established himself as a leading literary figure with “The Tin Drum,” published in 1959, and won the Nobel Prize in 1999. He urged fellow Germans to confront their painful Nazi history in the decades after World War II.
However, his image suffered when he admitted in his 2006 autobiography that he was drafted into the Waffen-SS, the combat arm of the Nazis’ paramilitary organization, in the final months of World War II.
Mr. Grass’ comments swiftly drew sharp criticism Wednesday.
“What must also be said is that Israel is the world’s only nation whose right to exist is publicly questioned,” the Israeli Embassy in Germany said in a statement. “We want to live in peace with our neighbors in the region.”
“Guenter Grass is turning the situation upside-down by defending a brutal regime that not only disregards but openly violates international agreements for many years,” said Deidre Berger, director of the American Jewish Committee in Berlin.
German Chancellor Angela Merkel is a staunch ally of Israel, and her spokesman reacted coolly to Mr. Grass’ remarks.
“There is artistic freedom in Germany, and there thankfully also is the freedom of the government not to have to comment on every artistic production,” Steffen Seibert said.
The head of the German Parliament’s foreign affairs committee — lawmaker Ruprecht Polenz, a member of Ms. Merkel’s Christian Democrats — told the daily Mitteldeutsche Zeitung that while Mr. Grass is a great author, “he always has difficulties when he speaks about politics and mostly gets it wrong.”
Mr. Grass’ assistant Hilke Ohsoling told a German news agency Wednesday that the author won’t explain or defend his poem, nor does he plan to comment on the reactions in the near future because of health issues.
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