WASHINGTON (AP) — The United States can’t recover fully from the worst recession in decades until hiring improves, Federal Reserve Chairman Ben S. Bernanke said Thursday.
The economy is strengthening and likely will grow at a faster pace this year as more-confident consumers and companies spend more, Mr. Bernanke said in prepared remarks to the National Press Club. But he warned that the growth won’t be strong enough to quickly drive down high unemployment, and it could take several years before it returns to more normal levels.
“Until we see a sustained period of stronger job creation, we cannot consider the recovery to be truly established,” he said.
His remarks suggest the Fed will stick with its program to prime the economy by purchasing $600 billion of Treasury bonds by the end of June.
Mr. Bernanke said it will take “several years” for unemployment to return to more normal levels. Last month, the Fed chief was more specific, saying it would take four or five years for the unemployment rate to drop to a historically normal level of about 5.5 percent or 6 percent.
The Fed chief spoke one day before the government releases its employment snapshot for January. Economists believe the unemployment rate ticked up to 9.5 percent last month, from 9.4 percent in December, and employers added a net total of around 146,000 jobs. Job-creation would need to be twice as fast each month to make a noticeable dent in unemployment.
Mr. Bernanke also urged Congress and the White House to come up with a long-term plan to reduce the government’s $1 trillion-plus budget deficits.
Big deficits could hurt the economy, he warned. Investors would demand more returns on government loans, and interest rates would soar. Higher borrowing costs would crimp spending by consumers and businesses, slowing economic activity.
“If government debt and deficits were actually to grow at the pace envisioned, the economic and financial effect would be severe,” Mr. Bernanke said.
The budget deficit has averaged approximately 9 percent of the nation’s $14 trillion economy over the past two years. That’s up from an average of 2 percent during the three years before the recession, Mr. Bernanke said.
On the economy, Mr. Bernanke said he expected inflation to be quite low despite a recent increase in commodities prices, such as oil and gasoline. The Fed has said it believes competitive pressures will prevent companies from passing along all of these higher costs by significantly boosting prices to consumers.
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